Gideon is Professor of Hematology and the Djerassi Chair in Oncology at Tel Aviv University. He served as head of the Division of Hematology at Sackler School of Medicine and as head of the Tel Aviv University Cancer Biology Research Center. In 2003, he established the Sheba Cancer Research Center, which he still heads, and since 2016 he has been heading the Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine.

His research interests are RNA epigenetics, transposable genetic elements, and cancer genomics, with special emphasis on pediatric cancer. He has published over 500 articles in prestigious journals.  Gideon is an Israel Prize laureate in medical research and has also been awarded the EMET Prize for Genetics and an ERC Advanced Grant.  Additionally, he was selected for the Ernest and Bonnie Beutler Research Program of Excellence in Genomic Medicine.  Gideon received his MD from Tel Aviv University and PhD from the Weizmann Institute of Science. He is board certified in hematology, pediatrics, and pediatric hematology-oncology.